Researchers of this study examined the global trends in acute hepatitis C (AHC) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from 1990 to 2019, emphasizing the risks of vertical transmission and perinatal complications associated with HCV. Using Global Burden of Disease 2019 data, the study analyzed age-standardized incidence rates and temporal trends, identifying a 46.45% increase in AHC and a 72.74% rise in HCV-related cirrhosis over the 30-year period. The incidence of AHC was highest in regions with lower sociodemographic indices, though it showed a declining trend, while HCV-related cirrhosis rates worsened in low, low-middle, and high sociodemographic index regions. Areas like sub-Saharan Africa, high-income North America, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia were highlighted due to their high or increasing incidence of these conditions.

The findings underscore the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies for reproductive-age women, especially in regions experiencing a resurgence in AHC and HCV-related cirrhosis. The study is the first comprehensive analysis of these trends in this demographic, revealing regional disparities and the evolving burden of HCV infection. These insights can help healthcare systems better address the growing challenges posed by HCV in women of reproductive age, facilitating the development of localized interventions aimed at reducing vertical transmission and improving health outcomes.

Reference: Zou Y, Yue M, Ye X, et al. Epidemiology of acute hepatitis C and hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis in reproductive-age women, 1990-2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study. J Glob Health. 2024;14:04077. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.04077.