Researchers of a recent study explored global trends in acute hepatitis C (AHC) and HCV-related cirrhosis among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from 1990 to 2019, highlighting risks of vertical transmission and adverse perinatal outcomes. Using Global Burden of Disease 2019 data, the study calculated age-standardized incidence rates and analyzed trends with joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort modeling. Results showed a 46.45% rise in AHC incidence and a 72.74% increase in HCV-related cirrhosis over 30 years. While low sociodemographic index (SDI) regions had the highest ASIR for AHC, rates declined, whereas HCV-related cirrhosis increased in low, low-middle, and high SDI regions.

Regions like sub-Saharan Africa, high-income North America, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia require targeted interventions due to high or rising incidence rates. The age-period-cohort analysis signals a concerning resurgence of AHC and cirrhosis in recent years. This study emphasizes the need for healthcare systems to address evolving HCV dynamics among reproductive-age women. By identifying regional trends, the findings support the development of localized prevention, screening, and treatment strategies to reduce HCV-related morbidity and transmission risks.

Reference: Zou Y, Yue M, Ye X, et al. Epidemiology of acute hepatitis C and hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis in reproductive-age women, 1990-2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study. J Glob Health. 2024;14:04077. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.04077.